modify images

tex/noise.tex

@@ -2,6 +2,36 @@
 
 \input{.maindir/tex/header/preamble-section}
 \usepackage[section]{placeins}  % should be in preamble
+\usepackage{caption}
+\usepackage{subcaption}
+% \renewcommand\thesubfigure{\alph{subfigure}}
+% \usepackage[labelformat=simple]{subcaption}
+\geometry{top=1.5cm, bottom=2.5cm}
+% two images next to each other
+\newcommand{\twoimages}[7][t]{%
+  % alignment
+  % nr, caption, label ohne fig: 1,
+  % nr, caption, label ohne fig: 2
+%
+  \begin{figure}[htbp]
+    \centering
+    \begin{subfigure}[#1]{0.45\textwidth}
+      \centering
+      \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image#2}
+      \subcaption{#3}%
+      \label{fig:#4}
+    \end{subfigure}
+    \hfill
+    \begin{subfigure}[#1]{0.45\textwidth}
+      \centering
+      \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image#5}
+      \caption{#6}%
+      \label{fig:#7}
+    \end{subfigure}
+    \caption{} % to create the number
+  \end{figure}
+}
+
 % inputs the preamble only if necessary
 \docStart
 % paragraphs with numbers
@@ -10,17 +40,21 @@
 \setcounter{secnumdepth}{4}
 \setcounter{tocdepth}{3}
 \newcommand{\scwidth}{0.8\textwidth}  % screenshot size
+\newcommand{\scheight}{8cm}
+\newcommand{\mapwidth}{0.8\textwidth}
+\newcommand{\mapheight}{0.3\textheight}
 
 \title{Assignment Noise in EIA}
 \author{%
-  Alda Björk Egilsdóttir,%
-  Elísabet Vilmarsdóttir,
-  Felix Hilsky,
-  Halldóra Björk Bergþórsdóttir,
-  Nouraiz Nazar
+  Alda Björk Egilsdóttir, \\
+  Elísabet Vilmarsdóttir, \\
+  Felix Hilsky, \\
+  Halldóra Björk Bergþórsdóttir, \\
+  Nouraiz Nazar \\
 }
 \date{\today}
 \maketitle
+\tableofcontents
 
 \section{Calculate noise--locate a building}\label{part-1-calculate-noise-locate-a-building}
 \subsection{Road conditions} {
@@ -57,12 +91,18 @@
 \subsection{Different type of building}
 \paragraph{Tall continuous buildings on one side, and two rows of single
   separate \SI{5}{\metre} high buildings on the other side.} \label{1a} {
-  \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering
-    \includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image1}
-    \caption{Screenshot for case \ref{1a}. }%
-    \label{fig:1a}
-  \end{figure}
+  \twoimages{1}{Screenshot for case \ref{1a}}{1a}{2}{This noise cloud shows that with a tall building on the
+      opposite street side we need a distance of \SI{56}{\metre}.
+      (Note that we use the case \enquote{between low buildings with opposite
+      tall building} which is not suitable since we want to determine the
+      distance of the front row to the street and the front row is not
+    between buildings. But it is the closest we have in the program.)}{1a-2}
+  % \begin{figure}[htbp]
+  %   \centering
+  %   \includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image1}
+  %   \caption{Screenshot for case \ref{1a}. }%
+  %   \label{fig:1a}
+  % \end{figure}
   The road noise limit is \SI{55}{\decibel}, and if there is a tall continuous
   building on one side of the road, and there are two road of single
   separate \SI{5}{\metre} high building on the other side. As shown in the figure \ref{fig:1a}, the noise level in the first building on the
@@ -72,25 +112,29 @@
   \SI{56}{\metre} away from the road as one can see in the screenshot
   \ref{fig:1a-2}.
 
-  \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering
-    \includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image2}
-    \caption{This noise cloud shows that with a tall building on the
-      opposite street side we need a distance of \SI{56}{\metre}.
-      (Note that we use the case \enquote{between low buildings with opposite
-      tall building} which is not suitable since we want to determine the
-      distance of the front row to the street and the front row is not
-    between buildings. But it is the closest we have in the program.)}
-    \label{fig:1a-2}
-  \end{figure}
+  % \begin{figure}[htbp]
+  %   \centering
+  %   \includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image2}
+  %   \caption{This noise cloud shows that with a tall building on the
+  %     opposite street side we need a distance of \SI{56}{\metre}.
+  %     (Note that we use the case \enquote{between low buildings with opposite
+  %     tall building} which is not suitable since we want to determine the
+  %     distance of the front row to the street and the front row is not
+  %   between buildings. But it is the closest we have in the program.)}
+  %   \label{fig:1a-2}
+  % \end{figure}
 }
 \paragraph{Two rows of single separate \texorpdfstring{\SI{5}{\metre}}{5m} high buildings on one side.} \label{sec:1b} {
-  \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering
-    \includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image3}
-    \caption{Two rows of buildings.}%
-    \label{fig:1b-1}
-  \end{figure}
+  \twoimages{3}{Two rows of buildings}{1b-1}{4}{Without a tall continous building on the opposite side.
+      (Here we can choose the first base case
+      avoiding the aforementioned problem with \enquote{between buildings}. In
+    the \enquote{between low buildings} case we get \SI{50}{\metre}.)}{1b-2}
+  % \begin{figure}[htbp]
+  %   \centering
+  %   \includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image3}
+  %   \caption{Two rows of buildings.}%
+  %   \label{fig:1b-1}
+  % \end{figure}
   In figure \ref{fig:1b-1}, there is no continuous building on the opposite
   side, but the same building with same height on the inspected side
   of the road. The noise level is still too high, but lower than with
@@ -98,37 +142,40 @@
   it is in the figure (\SI{20}{\metre}) because of too much noise from the road.
   In the screenshot \ref{fig:1b-2} we see that in this case \SI{62}{\metre} distance
   to the road is enough. 
-  \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering
-    \includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image4}
-    \caption{Without a tall continous building on the opposite side.
-      (Here we can choose the first base case
-      avoiding the aforementioned problem with \enquote{between buildings}. In
-      the \enquote{between low buildings} case we get \SI{50}{\metre}.)
-    }%
-    \label{fig:1b-2}
-  \end{figure}
+  % \begin{figure}[htbp]
+  %   \centering
+  %   \includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image4}
+  %   \caption{Without a tall continous building on the opposite side.
+  %     (Here we can choose the first base case
+  %     avoiding the aforementioned problem with \enquote{between buildings}. In
+  %     the \enquote{between low buildings} case we get \SI{50}{\metre}.)
+  %   }%
+  %   \label{fig:1b-2}
+  % \end{figure}
 }
 We can conclude that tall buildings on the opposite side have an
 effect on the noise level because they reflect the sound. In this
 case the difference is about \SI{2}{\decibel}.
 \subsection{Type of ground}
-\paragraph{Soft ground} { 
-  \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image5}
-    \caption{Here we have the standard case with soft ground.}\label{fig:5}
-  \end{figure}
+\paragraph{Soft ground} {
+  \twoimages{5}{Here we have the standard case with soft ground.}{5}{6}{The standard case with hard ground. We clearly see
+      that the noise cloud has a very different shape than
+    in figure \ref{fig:5}}{6}
+  % \begin{figure}[htbp]
+  %   \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image5}
+  %   \caption{Here we have the standard case with soft ground.}\label{fig:5}
+  % \end{figure}
   As far as the ground is concerned, with the soft ground the building
   with one floor can be \SI{30}{\metre} near to the road, as the noise level is
   \SI{53.9}{\decibel} as we see in figure \ref{fig:5}.
 }
 \paragraph{Hard road surface level with hard ground surface.} {
-  \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image6}
-    \caption{The standard cas with hard ground. We clearly see
-      that the noise cloud has a very different shape than
-    in figure \ref{fig:5}} \label{fig:6}
-  \end{figure}
+  % \begin{figure}[htbp]
+  %   \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image6}
+  %   \caption{The standard cas with hard ground. We clearly see
+  %     that the noise cloud has a very different shape than
+  %   in figure \ref{fig:5}} \label{fig:6}
+  % \end{figure}
   But with the hard ground surface, with same road conditions, the
   building should be as far as \SI{80}{\metre} from the road as we see
   in figure \ref{fig:6}. Because even being
@@ -140,10 +187,11 @@ So the ground makes a big difference in the absorbing of noise.
 
 \subsection{Height of the building}
 \paragraph{Two rows of single separate \SI{5}{\metre} high buildings on one side.} {
-  \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image7}
-    \caption{Those buildings are \SI{5}{\metre} high.} \label{fig:7}
-  \end{figure}
+  \twoimages{7}{Those buildings are \SI{5}{\metre} high.}{7}{8}{Those buildings have a height of \SI{10}{\metre}.}{8}
+  % \begin{figure}[htbp]
+  %   \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image7}
+  %   \caption{Those buildings are \SI{5}{\metre} high.} \label{fig:7}
+  % \end{figure}
 
   To compare the effect of building height, we again first consider
   two rows of \SI{5}{\metre} high buildings at \SI{20}{\metre} distance
@@ -151,10 +199,10 @@ So the ground makes a big difference in the absorbing of noise.
   \SI{64}{\decibel} which is a lot higher than the limit \SI{55}{\decibel}.
 }
 \paragraph{Two rows of separate \SI{10}{\metre} high buildings.} {
-  \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image8}
-    \caption{Those buildings have a height of \SI{10}{\metre}.}\label{fig:8}
-  \end{figure}
+  % \begin{figure}[htbp]
+  %   \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image8}
+  %   \caption{Those buildings have a height of \SI{10}{\metre}.}\label{fig:8}
+  % \end{figure}
 
   With the same distance (\SI{20}{\metre}) from the road and the increased height
   (\SI{10}{\metre}), there is slightly less noise on the 1st
@@ -173,7 +221,7 @@ So the ground makes a big difference in the absorbing of noise.
   the soft ground
   absorbs noise so that it carries further in higher air layers.
   \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image9}
+    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image9}
     \caption{The standard case with soft ground with the
     standard noise cloud.}\label{fig:9}
   \end{figure}
@@ -296,7 +344,7 @@ So the ground makes a big difference in the absorbing of noise.
   the grey cloud shows where the sound is between \SI{55}{\decibel} and \SI{60}{\decibel}.
   % image 10 was removed, see comment
   \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image11}
+    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image11}
     \caption{2nd floor apartment at \SI{50}{\metre} distance}\label{fig:11}
   \end{figure}
   An apartment on second floor, \SI{50}{\metre} away from the road suffer from
@@ -313,7 +361,7 @@ So the ground makes a big difference in the absorbing of noise.
   from the road would get it under \SI{55}{\decibel}.
 
   \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image12}
+    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image12}
     \caption{4th floor at \SI{80}{\metre} distance}
     \label{fig:12}
   \end{figure}
@@ -325,7 +373,7 @@ So the ground makes a big difference in the absorbing of noise.
   sound limit of \SI{55}{\decibel} is still exceeded with \SI{58}{\decibel}
   as you see in figure \ref{fig:13}.
   \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image13}
+    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image13}
     \caption{1st floor apartment at \SI{40}{\metre} distance}
     \label{fig:13}
   \end{figure}
@@ -338,17 +386,17 @@ So the ground makes a big difference in the absorbing of noise.
   \ref{fig:15} and \ref{fig:16}.
 
   \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image14}
+    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image14}
     \caption{2nd floor at \SI{50}{\metre} distance with higher traffic numbers}
     \label{fig:14}
   \end{figure}
   \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image15}
+    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image15}
     \caption{4th floor at \SI{80}{\metre} distance with higher traffic numbers}
     \label{fig:15}
   \end{figure}
   \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image16}
+    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image16}
     \caption{1st floor in \SI{40}{\metre} distance with higher traffic numbers}
     \label{fig:16}
   \end{figure}
@@ -372,6 +420,7 @@ So the ground makes a big difference in the absorbing of noise.
     \label{tab:2data}
   \end{table}
 }
+
 \subsection{Analysis}
 
 Since the road in basic conditions is already exceeding the limit of
@@ -415,19 +464,20 @@ as we can see in table \ref{tab:2data}.
   \begin{itemize}
     \item To keep the old traffic numbers and go with the road \SI{2}{\metre} below ground
       would suffice for all three different cases as we see in figure \ref{fig:17}.
-      \begin{figure}[htbp]
-        \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image17}
-        \caption{The effect of lowering the street two meters into the ground}
-        \label{fig:17}
-      \end{figure}
+      \twoimages{17}{The effect of lowering the street two meters into the ground}{17}{18}{The effect of a \SI{4}{\metre} high screen}{18}
+      % \begin{figure}[htbp]
+      %   \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image17}
+      %   \caption{The effect of lowering the street two meters into the ground}
+      %   \label{fig:17}
+      % \end{figure}
     \item If we have the old road and add a \SI{4}{\metre} high screen (\enquote{soft})
       at \SI{20}{\metre}
       distance, it would suffice for all three different cases as we see in figure \ref{fig:18}.
-      \begin{figure}[htbp]
-        \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image18}
-        \caption{The effect of a \SI{4}{\metre} high screen}
-        \label{fig:18}
-      \end{figure}
+      % \begin{figure}[htbp]
+      %   \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image18}
+      %   \caption{The effect of a \SI{4}{\metre} high screen}
+      %   \label{fig:18}
+      % \end{figure}
   \end{itemize}
 }
 { % not enough
@@ -438,13 +488,13 @@ as we can see in table \ref{tab:2data}.
   from the road does not fulfil the
   requirement of keeping \SI{55}{\decibel} limit in the apartments mentioned before.
   \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image19}
+    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image19}
     \caption{The effect of lowering the street while having the high traffic numbers}
     \label{fig:19}
   \end{figure}
 
   \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image20}
+    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image20}
     \caption{The effect of a screen with the high traffic numbers}
     \label{fig:20}
   \end{figure}
@@ -454,7 +504,7 @@ as we can see in table \ref{tab:2data}.
   allowable driving speed. The results of a speed reduction to \SI{10}{\kilo\metre\per\hour} can
   be seen in figure \ref{fig:21}.
   \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image21}
+    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image21}
     \caption{The effect of reducing the driving speed. Here in the
     extreme case of \SI{10}{\kilo\metre\per\hour}}
     \label{fig:21}
@@ -475,7 +525,7 @@ as we can see in table \ref{tab:2data}.
   The apartment at second floor, \SI{50}{\metre} away would have \SI{59.2}{\decibel}
   though, see figure \ref{fig:22}.
   \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image22}
+    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image22}
     \caption{The effect of the two measures lowering the street and
     reducing the speed limit to \SI{10}{\kilo\metre\per\hour}}
     \label{fig:22}
@@ -493,7 +543,7 @@ as we can see in table \ref{tab:2data}.
   as we see in figure \ref{fig:23}
 
   \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image23}
+    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth,height=\scheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image23}
     \caption{The effect of a screen and a speed reduction to \SI{70}{\kilo\metre\per\hour}
       Bear in mind that here the grey cloud on the graph shows \SIrange{50}{55}{\decibel}. The
       reason for this choice is that the program at this interval (as opposed
@@ -727,7 +777,7 @@ changes)?}
   So we use the computer to compare them in figure \ref{fig:24},
   \ref{fig:25} and \ref{fig:26}.
   \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image24}
+    \centering\includegraphics[width=\mapwidth,height=\mapheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image24}
     \caption{In this map each pixel that is different
       between the 2019 map and the 2049 map is marked red.
       This shows were the changes in the infrastructure and
@@ -735,13 +785,13 @@ changes)?}
     }\label{fig:24}
   \end{figure}
   \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image25}
+    \centering\includegraphics[width=\mapwidth,height=\mapheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image25}
     \caption{This is the the map for 2042 subtracted from the map for 2019.
       That means that at every blue pixel was yellow in 2019 and white in 2042
     and every green pixel was red in 2019 and yellow in 2042.}\label{fig:25}
   \end{figure}
   \begin{figure}[htbp]
-    \centering\includegraphics[width=\scwidth]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image26}
+    \centering\includegraphics[width=\mapwidth,height=\mapheight,keepaspectratio]{.maindir/zeichnungen/media/image26}
     \caption{This is the the map for 2019 subtracted from the map for 2042.
       That means that at every blue pixel was white in 2019 and yellow in 2042
     and every green pixel was yellow in 2019 and red in 2042.}\label{fig:26}